I. Mea Hana a me ka Pā o loko
Nā Mea Kūpono: Nā metala (kila/hao hoʻolei/kila kuhiliʻole), nā palakiko (PVC/PE), ke aniani, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e moakaka ai ka leo.
Paia o loko: E pale i ka pala nui a i ʻole ka scaling (ka pilikia o ka hōʻailona). ʻO ka ʻoʻoleʻa ≤0.5mm. Pono nā mea ʻaʻole metala e like me ka ʻole o nā pehu.
II. Ke anawaena a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia
Ka Laulā Anawaena: DN20–DN6000. Nā ʻimi alapine kiʻekiʻe no nā anawaena liʻiliʻi; ʻenehana ala he nui no nā anawaena nui.
Mānoanoa o ka Paia: Metala ≤50mm; ʻaʻole metala ≤100mm (pono nā paia mānoanoa i ka mana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kau ʻana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana).
III. Nā uhi a me nā uhi
Nā uhi: ʻAe ʻia nā uhi like (e laʻa, laholio/PTFE), pono e hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia me ka ʻole o ka delamination. ʻIke ʻia ka mānoanoa (kākoʻo ʻia ka uku).
Nā Uhi: ʻO nā uhi o waho ≤5mm ka mānoanoa, laumania a ʻaʻohe hakahaka (koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka probe).
IV. Ke kau ʻana a me nā kūlana wai
Holo Pololei o nā Paipu: uka ≥10D (≥20D kokoke i nā haunaele), iho i lalo ≥5D. E hoʻonohonoho i nā paipu kū pololei (kahe i luna).
Nā Palena Wai: Kūpono no nā wai maʻemaʻe a i ʻole nā wai paʻa haʻahaʻa/kinoea (nā ʻāpana ≤100mg/L, ≤1mm; nā pehu ≤5%). E pale i nā kinoea, ka mahu, a i ʻole nā kahe pulsating.
V. Mahana a me ke kaomi
Mahana: Nā probes maʻamau: -35°C–200°C. Pono nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe i nā probes kūikawā a i ʻole nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻalili.
Kaomi: ʻAʻohe palena i ke kumumanaʻo, akā e hōʻoia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka probe a me nā paia ʻaʻole e leaka no nā paipu kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-04-2025